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Bran ((ドイツ語:Törzburg); (ハンガリー語:Törcsvár)) is a commune in Brașov County, Romania. It lies at 30 km from the city of Brașov and is composed of five villages: Bran, Poarta (''Porta''), Predeluț (''Kispredeál''), Șimon (''Simon'') and Sohodol (''Szohodol''). The medieval Bran Castle, which was once besieged by Vlad the Impaler, is a popular tourist destination, partly because it resembles the home of Dracula in Bram Stoker's famous novel.〔(''The Dracula Dilemma: Tourism, Identity and the State in Romania'' ) by Duncan Light (Ashgate Publishing, 2012)〕 ==History== The Teutonic Order began construction of a wooden fort known as ''Dietrichstein'' in the early 13th century. After the fort's destruction in 1242 by Mongols, King Sigismund of Hungary ordered the construction of a stone castle in 1377, while the settlement of Bran began to develop nearby. Positioned high atop a steep cliff, the castle guarded a strategic trade route between Transylvania and Wallachia. In 1498, Bran fell under the jurisdiction of Braşov.〔(''Ghosts of War: Restless Spirits of Soldiers, Spies, And Saboteurs'' ) by Jeff Belanger (Career Press, 2006)〕 After the Kingdom of Hungary was defeated by the Ottoman Empire, Bran became part of the Principality of Transylvania during the 16th century, and eventually passed to the Habsburg Monarchy of Austria. The commune became part of the Austrian Empire in 1804 and the Austro-Hungarian Empire in 1866. It was added to the Kingdom of Romania following World War I.〔(''The Cultural Moment in Tourism'' ) by Laurajane Smith, Emma Waterton & Steve Watson (Routledge, 2012)〕 Bran Castle is one of Romania's most popular visitor sites, made famous in modern times when Queen Marie restored it after receiving it from the residents of Brașov County in the 1920s. The castle is open to tourists, who can view the inside alone or as part of a guided tour. Outside the castle are examples of traditional Romanian farm houses and peasant homes. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bran, Brașov」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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